Florence vs Madrid
On balanced weights, Madrid comes out ahead: 61 against 56 out of 100, mostly on sunshine and money left each month. Your own weights, salary and household can change the answer; every figure below names its source.
Make it yours: compare Florence and Madrid with your own numbers
The verdict on default settings
The lines that move the score most: sunshine (Madrid, +1.8 points); money left each month (Madrid, +1.5 points); dry days (Madrid, +1.3 points).
Balanced weights are the app's starting point, not a judgement: weights are set by you. Where a city lacks a figure, it gets the average score of the two on that line, so missing data neither helps nor hurts.
Line by line
| Line | Florence | Madrid |
|---|---|---|
| Money left each monthAfter tax, rent and everyday spending, what do you keep? | €3,121 take-home a month | €3,515 take-home a month |
| Cost of livingWhat does a month cost you there, rent included? | Add your rentWorld Development Indicators (country) | Add your rentWorld Development Indicators (country) |
| Nice daysHow many days a year are dry, mostly clear and feel the way you like? | 59 nice days a yearHistorical weather (ERA5 reanalysis) | 73 nice days a yearHistorical weather (ERA5 reanalysis) |
| Winter daylightHow long is the shortest day of the year? | 8 h 55 min | 9 h 17 min |
| SunshineHow many hours of sunshine in a year? | 2,360 h a yearMeteostat climate normals | 2,929 h a yearWMO Climatological Standard Normals 1991-2020 |
| Dry daysHow many days a year does it rain? | 122 wet days a yearHistorical weather (ERA5 reanalysis) | 76 wet days a yearHistorical weather (ERA5 reanalysis) |
| Clean airHow much fine dust (PM2.5) is in the air over a year? | 12.7 µg/m³WHO Ambient Air Quality Database v8.0 (2026) | 10.3 µg/m³WHO Ambient Air Quality Database v8.0 (2026) |
| SafetyHow rare is violent death (homicides per 100,000 people a year)? | 0.6 homicides per 100kWorld Development Indicators (country) | 0.7 homicides per 100kWorld Development Indicators (country) |
| Long, healthy livesHow long do people live there? | 84.0 yearsWorld Development Indicators (country) | 83.9 yearsWorld Development Indicators (country) |
| Health costsWhat does your household pay for health care itself each month? | €56 a monthWorld Development Indicators (country) | €48 a monthWorld Development Indicators (country) |
| Childcare costsWhat does full-time childcare cost you each month, after public support? | no child of childcare age | no child of childcare age |
| Paid leave for parentsHow many weeks of fully paid leave do a mother and a father get between them? | 38 weeks (mother 32, father 6)OECD Family Database: parental leave systems (PF2.1) (country) | 32 weeks (mother 16, father 16)OECD Family Database: parental leave systems (PF2.1) (country) |
| HappinessHow do people there rate their own lives, 0 to 10? | 7.10 of 10OECD Well-being Database (How's Life?) (country) | 7.20 of 10OECD Well-being Database (How's Life?) (country) |
| Research outputHow much research and invention happens around you, per resident? | 65 of 100OpenAlex institutions | 58 of 100OpenAlex institutions |
| Time difference from homeHow many hours apart are the clocks there and at home? | set your home city | set your home city |
| Flight homeHow long is a nonstop flight home? | set your home city | set your home city |
| Airport nearbyHow far is the nearest major airport? | 5 kmOurAirports airports | 14 kmOurAirports airports |
| Public transportWhat share of commuters take the bus, tram, metro or train? | 23 % of commutersUrban Audit: cities and greater cities | no data |
| Rail and metro stationsHow many train and metro stations are within 10 km of the centre? | 16 stationsOpenStreetMap via the Overpass API | 239 stationsOpenStreetMap via the Overpass API |
| Short commutesHow long does the average journey to work take? | 33 minutesUrban Audit: cities and greater cities | 31 minutesUrban Audit: cities and greater cities |
| Cycle networkHow many km of cycle paths and separated cycle tracks are there per km² of land around the centre? | 0.62 km per km²OpenStreetMap via the Overpass API: walking and cycling | 1.11 km per km²OpenStreetMap via the Overpass API: walking and cycling |
| Everyday needs on footFrom what share of streets are a food shop, a pharmacy, a school, a park and a stop all within about 15 minutes' walk? | 96 % of streetsOpenStreetMap via the Overpass API: walking and cycling | 99 % of streetsOpenStreetMap via the Overpass API: walking and cycling |
| Walking and cycling to workWhat share of commuters walk or cycle to work? | 15.2 % of commutersUrban Audit: cities and greater cities | no data |
| Quick way out by bikeHow far does a cyclist ride from the centre before the dense city ends? | 1.9 km, about 8 min by bikeGHS Urban Centre Database 2025 (R2024A), general characteristics | 2.8 km, about 11 min by bikeGHS Urban Centre Database 2025 (R2024A), general characteristics |
| Near the seaHow far is the sea? | 78 kmNatural Earth (coastline, land, countries and populated places) | 303 kmNatural Earth (coastline, land, countries and populated places) |
| Near the mountainsHow far are the mountains (ground 1,000 m above the city)? | 25 kmTerrain Tiles (Terrarium) on AWS Open Data | 43 kmTerrain Tiles (Terrarium) on AWS Open Data |
| Green spaceHow much of the land around the centre is park, wood or other green space? | 25.3 % of landOpenStreetMap via the Overpass API | 22.9 % of landOpenStreetMap via the Overpass API |
| Fast internetHow fast are typical internet connections? | 28 Mbit/sM-Lab NDT statistics (daily city aggregates) | 56 Mbit/sM-Lab NDT statistics (daily city aggregates) |
| English spokenWhat share of people speak English? | 34 % speak EnglishCLDR territory information (country) | 24 % speak EnglishCLDR territory information (country) |
| International crowdWhat share of residents were born abroad? | 18.9 % born abroadUrban Audit: cities and greater cities | 26.1 % born abroadUrban Audit: cities and greater cities |
| DoctorsHow many doctors are there per 1,000 people? | 4.2 per 1,000World Development Indicators (country) | 4.3 per 1,000World Development Indicators (country) |
| JobsWhat share of people who want work cannot find it? | 6.4 % unemployedWorld Development Indicators (country) | 10.4 % unemployedWorld Development Indicators (country) |
| Graduates aroundWhat share of adults hold a degree or another qualification above school level? | 32.6 % of adultsUrban Audit: cities and greater cities | 48.4 % of adultsUrban Audit: cities and greater cities |
| Developers aroundHow many people per 1,000 residents name the city as their location on GitHub? | 8.1 per 1,000GitHub user search | 13.2 per 1,000GitHub user search |
| Clean governmentHow well is corruption kept out of public life? | 0.58 of 2.5Worldwide Governance Indicators (country) | 0.65 of 2.5Worldwide Governance Indicators (country) |
| Politics, left to rightHow close is the way the place votes to where you stand, from left to right? | no data | no data |
| Abortion lawHow close is the law on ending a pregnancy to the one you want? | on request, 10 weeks or later; say where you standAbortion in law, from the statutes cited (country) | on request, 10 weeks or later; say where you standAbortion in law, from the statutes cited (country) |
| Same-sex couples in lawHow close is the law on same-sex couples to the one you want? | civil union or partnership; say where you standSame-sex couples in law, from the statutes cited (country) | marriage; say where you standSame-sex couples in law, from the statutes cited (country) |
| Founders Running ClubIs there a Founders Running Club chapter? | no chapterFounders Running Club communities | no chapterFounders Running Club communities |
| Coworking spacesHow many coworking spaces are within 10 km of the centre? | 1 spacesOpenStreetMap via the Overpass API | 50 spacesOpenStreetMap via the Overpass API |
| Climbing gymsHow many climbing gyms are within 10 km of the centre? | 4 gymsOpenStreetMap via the Overpass API | 29 gymsOpenStreetMap via the Overpass API |
| Swimming poolsHow many public pools are within 10 km of the centre? | 4 poolsOpenStreetMap via the Overpass API | 40 poolsOpenStreetMap via the Overpass API |
| Beach daysHow many days a year are hot, sunny and dry enough for the beach or a pool? | 36 days a yearHistorical weather (ERA5 reanalysis) | 47 days a yearHistorical weather (ERA5 reanalysis) |
| Run or ride daysOn how many days is there a dry, calm, cool-to-mild window for a run or a ride? | 260 days a yearHistorical weather (ERA5 reanalysis) | 324 days a yearHistorical weather (ERA5 reanalysis) |
| Few muggy daysHow many days a year is the air sticky with humidity? | 26 days a yearHistorical weather (ERA5 reanalysis) | 0 days a yearHistorical weather (ERA5 reanalysis) |
| Few grey daysHow many days a year is the sky overcast through the day? | 106 days a yearHistorical weather (ERA5 reanalysis) | 91 days a yearHistorical weather (ERA5 reanalysis) |
| Cool nights for sleepingHow many nights a year stay above 20 °C? | 28 days a yearHistorical weather (ERA5 reanalysis) | 44 days a yearHistorical weather (ERA5 reanalysis) |
| Few heat-stress daysHow many days a year feel 32 °C or hotter? | 64 days a yearHistorical weather (ERA5 reanalysis) | 53 days a yearHistorical weather (ERA5 reanalysis) |
| Few snow daysHow many days a year bring fresh snow? | 0 days a yearHistorical weather (ERA5 reanalysis) | 1 days a yearHistorical weather (ERA5 reanalysis) |
| Few windy daysHow many days a year are windy through the day? | 0 days a yearHistorical weather (ERA5 reanalysis) | 1 days a yearHistorical weather (ERA5 reanalysis) |
Who may move where depends on your passports: see each city's page, or add your household in the app.
Money on €60,000 a year
| A month | Florence | Madrid |
|---|---|---|
| Take-home pay | €3,121 | €3,515 |
| Rent and everyday spending | not known | not known |
| Left each month | not known | not known |
Assumed: one person, €60,000 gross a year, renting a one-bedroom home, and everyday spending of €1,200 a month in Lisbon scaled by each country's price level. These are the app's defaults; change any of them there.
Climate month by month
| Month | Florence | Madrid |
|---|---|---|
| Jan | 3 to 11 °C | 2 to 11 °C |
| Feb | 4 to 14 °C | 3 to 14 °C |
| Mar | 5 to 16 °C | 5 to 16 °C |
| Apr | 7 to 19 °C | 8 to 20 °C |
| May | 12 to 23 °C | 12 to 25 °C |
| Jun | 17 to 30 °C | 17 to 30 °C |
| Jul | 19 to 33 °C | 20 to 35 °C |
| Aug | 19 to 33 °C | 21 to 35 °C |
| Sep | 15 to 27 °C | 15 to 27 °C |
| Oct | 12 to 22 °C | 12 to 22 °C |
| Nov | 7 to 16 °C | 6 to 15 °C |
| Dec | 4 to 12 °C | 4 to 11 °C |
Air temperature in the shade, average daily low to high (Historical weather (ERA5 reanalysis), 2021-2025).
Questions this page answers
Is it cheaper to live in Florence or Madrid?
Everyday prices are lower in Spain: 68.7 against 72.9 on the World Bank price level index (United States = 100, 2025). Open rent data is missing for Florence and Madrid, so the full monthly cost needs your own rent.
How much do you take home on €60,000 a year in Florence and in Madrid?
About €37,449 a year in Florence (Italy 2026 tax rules) and €42,184 in Madrid (Spain 2026 tax rules), after income tax and employee social contributions.
Which is warmer, Florence or Madrid?
Madrid is warmer: average daily highs of the air over the year are 21.6 °C against 21.3 °C in Florence (Historical weather (ERA5 reanalysis), Open-Meteo, 2021-2025).
Which has cleaner air, Florence or Madrid?
Madrid has cleaner air: an annual PM2.5 mean of 10.3 µg/m³ against 12.7 µg/m³ (WHO Ambient Air Quality Database; WHO guideline 5 µg/m³; 2024 and 2024).
Can a citizen of Italy live and work in Madrid without a visa?
Yes. EU and EEA free movement rules let citizens of Italy live and work in Spain without a visa.
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Cite this page
Borgo, “Florence vs Madrid”, https://borgo.abcastor.com/compare/florence-it-vs-madrid-es/, figures as of 2026-11-05, reference profile. Name the original source of any figure you quote.